Rockstar Games is the studio behind GTA, Red Dead, Max Payne and Bully, owned by Take-Two. Every game with years and platforms, the list of studios, what GTA+ includes, how the Rockstar Games Launcher works and how to fix error codes 1, 4, 162, 202, 6000.87.
What Rockstar Games is
Rockstar Games is an American game publisher and developer, best known for the Grand Theft Auto and Red Dead series. The company was set up in 1998 in New York as a division of Take-Two Interactive, which shortly before had bought the British publisher BMG Interactive, the publisher of the first GTA. Its founders include Sam Houser, Dan Houser, Terry Donovan, Jamie King and Gary Foreman.
The Scottish studio DMA Design, makers of the first GTA, moved to Take-Two in 1999 and has been called Rockstar North since 2002. It is the studio behind the main GTA games. Dan Houser, writer of GTA and Red Dead, left Rockstar in March 2020 and now runs his own company, Absurd Ventures. Sam Houser leads Rockstar as president, the title Take-Two has used for him.
Rockstar's owner is Take-Two Interactive. Besides Rockstar, Take-Two owns the 2K and Zynga labels, and the holding company is led by Strauss Zelnick. Take-Two's next quarterly report comes out on November 9, 2026, ten days before GTA 6 launches.
Rockstar studios
Rockstar's careers page currently lists 13 divisions. The company makes its big games jointly, so the credits of RDR2 or Max Payne 3 simply say "Rockstar Studios".
| Studio | Location | Known for |
|---|---|---|
| Rockstar North | Edinburgh, Scotland | formerly DMA Design, the lead GTA studio |
| Rockstar San Diego | Carlsbad, USA | formerly Angel Studios: Midnight Club, Red Dead |
| Rockstar New England | Andover, USA | Bully: Scholarship Edition |
| Rockstar Leeds | Leeds, England | GTA on PSP, the PC version of L.A. Noire |
| Rockstar London | London | Manhunt 2, co-developer of Max Payne 3 |
| Rockstar Lincoln | Lincoln, England | — |
| Rockstar Toronto | Oakville, Canada | The Warriors, PC ports |
| Rockstar India | Bengaluru | — |
| Rockstar Dundee | Dundee, Scotland | formerly Ruffian Games, part of Rockstar since 2020 |
| Rockstar Australia | Sydney | formerly Video Games Deluxe, acquisition announced in March 2025 |
| Rockstar New York | New York | headquarters |
| Rockstar LA | Los Angeles | — |
| Rockstar International | — | — |
In fall 2025 Rockstar fired 34 employees in the UK and Canada. The company cited a leak of confidential information; the IWGB union called the firings union-busting and filed a lawsuit. As of late October 2026 no court ruling has been made public.
Every Rockstar Games title
Below are the main games Rockstar has released as publisher, with the release year and first platforms. The links lead to our sections on those games, which also cover where you can buy them today.
| Game | Year | First platforms |
|---|---|---|
| Grand Theft Auto | 1997–1998 | PC, PlayStation |
| Grand Theft Auto 2 | 1999 | PC, PlayStation, Dreamcast |
| Midnight Club: Street Racing | 2000 | PS2 |
| Max Payne | 2001 | PC, then PS2 and Xbox |
| Grand Theft Auto III | 2001 | PS2 |
| GTA: Vice City | 2002 | PS2 |
| Midnight Club II | 2003 | PS2, Xbox, PC |
| Max Payne 2 | 2003 | PC, PS2, Xbox |
| Manhunt | 2003 | PS2, then Xbox and PC |
| Red Dead Revolver | 2004 | PS2, Xbox |
| GTA: San Andreas | 2004 | PS2 |
| Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition | 2005 | PS2, Xbox, PSP |
| The Warriors | 2005 | PS2, Xbox |
| GTA: Liberty City Stories | 2005 | PSP |
| Bully | 2006 | PS2 |
| GTA: Vice City Stories | 2006 | PSP |
| Manhunt 2 | 2007 | PS2, PSP, Wii, PC |
| Grand Theft Auto IV | 2008 | PS3, Xbox 360 |
| Midnight Club: Los Angeles | 2008 | PS3, Xbox 360 |
| GTA: Chinatown Wars | 2009 | Nintendo DS |
| Red Dead Redemption | 2010 | PS3, Xbox 360 |
| L.A. Noire | 2011 | PS3, Xbox 360 |
| Max Payne 3 | 2012 | PS3, Xbox 360 |
| Grand Theft Auto V and GTA Online | 2013 | PS3, Xbox 360 |
| Red Dead Redemption 2 | 2018 | PS4, Xbox One |
| GTA: The Trilogy – Definitive Edition | 2021 | PS4/PS5, Xbox, Switch, PC |
| Grand Theft Auto VI | Nov 19, 2026 | PS5, Xbox Series X|S |
The full Rockstar catalog is longer and includes smaller projects too: Smuggler's Run, State of Emergency, Table Tennis, Beaterator, GTA: London 1969. The first GTA games were made by DMA Design before the studio became Rockstar North.
Rockstar Games Launcher: what it is and how to install it
The Rockstar Games Launcher is a Windows app for buying, downloading and launching Rockstar's PC games. It came out on September 17, 2019, replacing the old Social Club client. The launcher updates games, stores saves in Rockstar Cloud and handles copy protection. Even if you bought GTA V or RDR2 on Steam or Epic, you need a Rockstar account to play.
Requirements: Windows 10 64-bit, a Core 2 Quad Q6600 or Phenom 9850 class CPU, 2 GB of RAM, a DirectX 11 graphics card and 1 GB of storage. Windows 7 and 8 have been officially unsupported since January 30, 2024. There are no Mac or Linux versions.
Where to download it. Only from Rockstar's official site (the Rockstar Games Launcher page on socialclub.rockstargames.com). Do not install third-party "builds" of the launcher: at best they are out of date.
Offline mode works only if you have already signed in online on that computer with Remember me checked and recently launched the game with an internet connection. GTA Online needs UDP ports 6672 and 61455–61458 open.
The Service Status page on support.rockstargames.com shows the state of Rockstar's servers: GTA Online, Red Dead Online, account sign-in and the launcher itself. On October 31, 2026 all services were up.
Rockstar Games Launcher error codes
The most common errors and what Rockstar's official support (support.rockstargames.com) recommends. Before reinstalling anything, check the service status page: if the outage is on Rockstar's side, all you can do is wait.
| Error | What Rockstar recommends |
|---|---|
| Code 1: "failed to start because of an incomplete installation" | Close the game and the launcher, start the launcher again and let it finish installing updates. |
| Code 4, 1023: "failed to initialize" / Social Club failed to load | A clean reinstall of the launcher (steps below). |
| 1002: incomplete installation | Return the Documents folder to its default location (Properties → Location → Restore Default), then do a clean reinstall. |
| 1005: "failed to initialize" in GTA V or RDR2 | Add C:\Program Files\Rockstar Games\Social Club to your antivirus and firewall exceptions, run as administrator, verify the game files. |
| 162: "An unexpected error occurred" | Turn off any proxy or VPN, run the Windows network troubleshooter, reinstall the launcher. |
| 202: "Rockstar Update Service is Unavailable" | Change your DNS servers to 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4. |
| 209, 237: the launcher failed to update | Check your internet connection and the service status, temporarily turn off real-time protection in Windows Security, restart. |
| 133, 134: services unavailable, offline play could not be verified | Launch the game online and sync Rockstar Cloud; for 134 in GTA V, verify file integrity (Settings → the game → Verify Integrity). |
| 6000.80, 6000.87: sign-in failed | Check the service status, delete the local profile in the launcher settings (Account Information → Delete local profile) and sign in again with Remember me checked. |
| 7002.1: Game Launch Error | Remove third-party mods, reinstall the game and the launcher. |
| 1000.50: GTA V on Steam | Restart your computer and router, verify file integrity in Steam. |
| ERR_GFX_STATE: GTA V | Update or roll back your graphics driver, switch the graphics API from Vulkan to DirectX 12. |
A clean reinstall of the launcher, as Rockstar describes it:
- Run
uninstall.exefromC:\Program Files\Rockstar Games\Launcher. Do not check the option to remove game data. - Delete the folders
Documents\Rockstar Games\Social ClubandDocuments\Rockstar Games\Launcher, plusLauncherandSocial ClubinProgram Files\Rockstar GamesandSocial ClubinProgram Files (x86)\Rockstar Games. - Restart your computer and install the launcher from the official site.
After reinstalling, sign in to your account: your purchased games are tied to it, not to the computer.
GTA+: the subscription that includes other Rockstar games
GTA+ is a paid subscription for GTA Online on PS5, Xbox Series X|S and PC (GTA V Enhanced only). In the US it costs $7.99 a month (October 31, 2026). Members get GTA$500,000 every month, GTA Online bonuses and access to a game library.
The GTA+ Games Library currently includes GTA V, GTA Online, Red Dead Redemption, GTA: The Trilogy – Definitive Edition, GTA III and Vice City Definitive Edition, GTA: Liberty City Stories, GTA: Chinatown Wars, plus Bully and L.A. Noire. Max Payne, Manhunt and Midnight Club are not included. The library changes over time, and you can play only on the platform where your subscription is active. More on the GTA Online page.
Languages in Rockstar games
English is the original language of Rockstar's games, so English speakers play them as they were written and recorded. In GTA V, for example, the voice acting is English only, while the interface is translated into 13 languages. Rockstar Store and PlayStation Store list the supported languages on each game's page, so check there before buying if you want menus or subtitles in another language.
Fan translations exist for some Rockstar games. Rockstar does not support them, so install such mods only in single-player modes and keep a backup of your files.
Rockstar Games FAQ
Who owns Rockstar Games?
Take-Two Interactive, an American holding company that also owns 2K and Zynga. Rockstar has been a division of Take-Two since its founding in 1998.
What games has Rockstar Games released?
The Grand Theft Auto, Red Dead, Max Payne (developed in-house from the third game), Midnight Club and Manhunt series, plus Bully, L.A. Noire, The Warriors and smaller projects. The full table with years is above on this page.
Where can I safely download the Rockstar Games Launcher?
Only from Rockstar's official site: the launcher page on socialclub.rockstargames.com. The app is free and needs Windows 10 or 11 (64-bit).
What should I do if the launcher says it cannot connect to Rockstar services?
First check the Service Status page on support.rockstargames.com. If everything is up there, turn off your VPN or proxy, change DNS to 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 and add the launcher to your antivirus exceptions. If that does not help, do a clean reinstall following the steps above.
Does the Rockstar Games Launcher work on Mac?
Not officially: Rockstar's requirements list only Windows 10 64-bit. There is no macOS version.
What games are included in GTA+?
As of 10/31/2026: GTA V, GTA Online, Red Dead Redemption, The Trilogy – Definitive Edition, GTA III and Vice City Definitive Edition, Liberty City Stories, Chinatown Wars, Bully and L.A. Noire. The lineup may change.
What is Rockstar's next game?
GTA 6, out November 19, 2026 on PS5 and Xbox Series X|S. Rockstar has not announced a PC version yet.